It has proven difficult for the Radio Spectrum Policy Group (RSPG) to determine when a given service should be licensed or license exempt. These are opportunities where the Commission can see what happens when providers are offered a choice, and so better understand which regime is appropriate for various services under various conditions, from the users’ perspective, and learn more about how heterogeneous mixes of spectrum rights within a service interact. Since both licensed and unlicensed bands are being considered for WAPECS – and for WiMAX, and for radio LANs in the 5 GHz band – and perhaps even for Ultra-Wideband – these are situations in which service providers have some possibility to choose among licensing regimes. But when the Commission launched its WAPECS consultation in 2005 a survey of EU members found that “a wide range of frequency bands was identified for WAPECS, the majority being for licence-exempt operation”.
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Traditionally, individual spectrum users are not free to choose whether they operate under a licensed or license exempt, exclusive or shared, primary or secondary regime because the regulator and the ITU have already made that choice for them. The analogy may be simplistic, but it might be useful to consider this approach in radio spectrum management. But the option of getting an exclusive space for the journey is available to those who want it and who are willing to pay more for it.
Railroads know that most people will choose open seating to save money, so most of the seating they provide is in wagons without cabins. When we take a long journey by train, we often have a choice of a private cabin, a shared cabin, or open seating without any cabins at all. Many of you undoubtedly came to this meeting by train. So it should not be a surprise to see how positively the European Commission’s Terms of Reference for this study on the “collective use of spectrum” treats its subject – asking how the “commons” paradigm can be extended, “what technological development will enable a wider use of shared spectrum … concrete measures to exploit the benefits of the ‘collective use’ approach,” etc. We especially applaud the policy of “regulating only where necessary” and in particular the policy of “licensing only where necessary” as expressed in the Authorisation Directive. This framework is founded on bedrock principles of liberal market economics and distills “best practices” that developed piece-meal over decades, forming them into a coherent package.
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PS: It would be nice if other contributors from other countries with other languages could confirm that looking for semi-colon ' ' works on their Windows systems.First presented to the Workshop on “Legal, Economic & Technical Aspects of ‘Collective Use’ of Spectrum in the European Community” Brussels, Belgium, 27April 2006 We are big fans of the EU’s framework for electronic communications. Now, in any new CMD window, these values will be available: 2:00:46 | C:\Users\Seagram () Setx SYSTEM_LOCALE_WITH_SEMICOLON !SYSTEM_LOCALE! 1>NULįor the VERBOSE_SYSTEM_LOCALE variable, since the value is possibly several words long, it is required to wrap %%C into quotes so that SETX receives only one parameter as expected. SET SYSTEM_LOCALE_WITH_SEMICOLON=!SYSTEM_LOCALE! Then the get_locale.cmd script becomes: OFFįOR /F "delims=" %%A IN ('systeminfo.exe ^| findstr " "') DO (įOR /F "usebackq tokens=2-3 delims=: " %%B IN (`echo %%A`) DO (įOR /F "usebackq tokens=1 delims= " %%D IN (`echo %%B`) DO ( Using SETX one can store environment variables into USER environment for future CMD Windows to use (as stated in SETX /? second remark). I discovered a slight enhancement to my script. The result of my script on MY system is: 17:18:45,31 | C:\CMD ()īe warned, however, that the three environment variables exist only inside the script, they do NOT persist in CMD environment after the script ends (no export command as in *nix). REM No need to handle second line, quit after first one Set SYSTEM_LOCALE_WITH_SEMICOLON=!SYSTEM_LOCALE! Paramètres régionaux d'entrée: fr Français (France)īased on that (which may NOT be true on other systems with different languages), I coded this get_locale.cmd script : offįOR /F "delims=" %%A IN ('systeminfo.exe ^| findstr " "') do (įOR /F "usebackq tokens=2-3 delims=: " %%B in (`echo %%A`) do (įOR /F "usebackq tokens=1 delims= " %%D in (`echo %%B`) do ( Option régionale du système: fr Français (France) I've done some testing, and it seems, on MY system, that the lines about locale in systeminfo output are the only ones to contain a semi-colon character (" "): 17:18:43,23 | C:\CMD () On my french Win10Pro, the string is " Option régionale du système" (with accented letter, which is very difficult to handle properly in a CMD file). In fact, your proposals fail, because they rely on searching a string (" System Locale") which changes depending on the current locale!
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